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                    <h1>QT基础9——TCP</h1>
                    
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                            2019-01-01
                        
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                <h4 id="服务端"><a href="#服务端" class="headerlink" title="服务端"></a>服务端</h4><p>常用的tcp服务端会有两个套接字，一个监听套接字和三次握手之后正常通讯 的套接字。QT的tcp服务端把这两个套接字设计成两个类：QTcpServer（监听套接字）和QTcpSocket（通讯套接字，客户端只用通讯套接字）。<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">//1、创建监听套接字</span><br><span class="line">server = new QTcpServer(this);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">//2、监听地址和端口，相当于socket的 bind+listen</span><br><span class="line">server-&gt;listen(QHostAddress::Any, 10000);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">//3、当有客户端连接时，会发出newConnection信号</span><br><span class="line">connect(server, &amp;QTcpServer::newConnection,</span><br><span class="line">            [=] () &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            </span><br><span class="line">        //4、获取三次握手成功的客户端链接，相当于accept</span><br><span class="line">        tcpSocket = server-&gt;nextPendingConnection();</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">        //获取客户端IP</span><br><span class="line">        QString ip = tcpSocket-&gt;peerAddress().toString();</span><br><span class="line">        //获取客户端商品</span><br><span class="line">        quint16 port = tcpSocket-&gt;peerPort();</span><br><span class="line">        QString temp = QString(&quot;[%1:%2]: 连接成功&quot;).arg(ip).arg(port);</span><br><span class="line">        qDebug() &lt;&lt; ip &lt;&lt; port;</span><br><span class="line">        ui-&gt;textRead-&gt;setText(temp);</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">        //5、当接收到客户端数据时，会发出readyRead信号</span><br><span class="line">        connect(tcpSocket, &amp;QTcpSocket::readyRead,</span><br><span class="line">                [=]() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">             //读数据，获有接口文档的，可以读定长数据</span><br><span class="line">            QByteArray array = tcpSocket-&gt;readAll();</span><br><span class="line">            ui-&gt;textRead-&gt;append(array);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">        //6、客户端断开时，会发出disconnected信号，处理断开事件</span><br><span class="line">        connect(tcpSocket, &amp;QTcpSocket::disconnected,</span><br><span class="line">                [=]() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            tcpSocket-&gt;disconnectFromHost();</span><br><span class="line">            tcpSocket-&gt;close();</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    //写数据到客户端</span><br><span class="line">    QString str = @&quot;Hello world&quot;;</span><br><span class="line">    tcpSocket-&gt;write(str.toUtf8().data());</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    //主动断开连接</span><br><span class="line">    tcpSocket-&gt;disconnectFromHost();</span><br><span class="line">    tcpSocket-&gt;close();</span><br><span class="line">    tcpSocket = NULL;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h4 id="客户端"><a href="#客户端" class="headerlink" title="客户端"></a>客户端</h4><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">//1、创建socket</span><br><span class="line">client = new QTcpSocket(this);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">//2、连接服务端</span><br><span class="line">client-&gt;connectToHost(&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;, 8888, QIODevice::ReadWrite);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">//3、处理连接成功信号</span><br><span class="line">connect(client, &amp;QTcpSocket::connected,</span><br><span class="line">            [=]()&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        QString ip = client-&gt;peerAddress().toString();</span><br><span class="line">        quint16 port = client-&gt;peerPort();</span><br><span class="line">        QString temp = QString(&quot;[%1 : %2]&quot;).arg(ip).arg(port);</span><br><span class="line">        ui-&gt;editRead-&gt;setText(temp);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">//4、处理收到数据信号</span><br><span class="line">connect(client, &amp;QTcpSocket::readyRead,</span><br><span class="line">            [=]()&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        QByteArray array = client-&gt;readAll();</span><br><span class="line">        ui-&gt;editRead-&gt;append(array);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> 5、处理断开连接信号</span><br><span class="line"> connect(client, &amp;QTcpSocket::disconnected, </span><br><span class="line">            [=]()&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        //服务端断开连接</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">//写数据</span><br><span class="line">QString str = @&quot;Hello world&quot;;</span><br><span class="line">client-&gt;write(str.toUtf8().data());</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">//断开连接</span><br><span class="line">client-&gt;disconnectFromHost();</span><br><span class="line">client-&gt;close();</span><br><span class="line">ui-&gt;editRead-&gt;setText(&quot;disconnected&quot;);</span><br><span class="line">client = NULL;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

                
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